Type-writing machine.



P. W. HILLARD. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 22, 1910;

Patented Feb. 24, 1914.

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Q Vi 'tmaooeo 5 mac nl'oz F. W. HILLARD. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.APPLICATION FILED JUNE 22, 1910.

Patented Feb. 24, 1914;

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y mwmw o 1 W00 wfoz 't l N lllfED FREDERIC W. HILLAR-D, OF BENTLEYMANOR, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR T0 MARY It. HILLARD, OF MIDDL'EBURY,CONNECTICUT.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

toaster.

Ori inal application filed May 18, 1894, Serial No. 511,685.

Serial No. 33,264. Divided. and this application filed June 22. 1910.

To all 20710121 it mag concern Be it known that I, l nnnnnro IV.HILLARD, of Bentley Manor, in the county of Richmond and State of NewYork, have invented a certain new and useful Type-"Writing; Machine, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My present application is a division of my pcin'ling application SerialNumber 511,685 which was filed May 18, 1894, and of my divisionalapplication thereof Serial Numbcr 33,261. filed October 16, 1900, nowPatent Numher 1.027 843, patented on the 28th day of May. 1912, and thepresent application is .filed in response to requirement of divisionmade by the Patent Office.

In the accompanying drawings which form a part of this specification:Figure 1.

is a plan View of the machine with the greater part of the carriageremoved and the carriage rack-partially broken away. Fig. 2 .is asectional side elevation of Fig. 1 and shows the carriage in place. Fig.3 is a rear elevation of the machine shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and itshows in full lines the carriage rack which was shown partially brokenaway in Fig. 1.

My present application relates to the earriage structure and to novel,simple and advantageous means for shifting the carriage from lower caseto upper case printing position and vice versa and the inventioncomprises also a. novel method of connecting the carriage. rack with thecarriage so as to permit ofa' relative movement of the carriage inrelation to the engaging teeth of the rack, and of mechanism in themachine whereby theengaging teeth may be main tained in their carriagecontrolhng position during the said shifting movements of the carriagefrom printing case to printing case, and it further consists in keyoperated means for operating said controlling mechanism, so as to movethe rack out of its carriage controlling engagement and thus to releasethe carriage from the e'scapemcnt.

Referring to the drawings. the entire carriage, including the platenframe and platen, and thetruck 43" and carriage rack '13, the runninggear comprising front wheel 62 Specification of Letters Yatent.

Patented 19M;

Divided and application filed October 16, 1909,

Semi No. 568,348.

and. rear yokes 63 03 and the release key and lever 60, (51, etc, ismounted on the shift frame, which latter wholly supports said carriage.The shifting guide rails or and '63 and the rocking members on whichthey are mounted constitute said shift frame; the said shift frame beingpivoted to the main or stationary frame by means of the pivotal supportswhich are shown in the drawings. The front rail. is mounted on therocker arms 65 and The rocker arm (35 has two branches at the lowerextremity, one (35", ex tending toward the front, and the other (35extending toward the rear of the machine. To the front end of theforwardly extending arm (35" is attached spring 66, which holds thecarriage normally in forward position for printing lower casecharacters, and to the rear end of the rearwardly extending branch 65 isattached the eonndcting wire 6'1 which is fastened at its lower end tothe shift key lever. The rear rail is mounted on rocker arms 63*, 63 atthe rear of the rna-' chine. Extending between the front and rear armsare the connecting rods 68, 68. When the shift key 11 is depressed thefront guide rail (32 is rocked rearwardly, and the motion is transmittedto the rear guide rail (33 through the connecting rods 68, (58. Thecarriage is thus shifted rcarwardly as a whole including the plafencarriage and the truck 43" and the upper hinged edge of the rack member43 which is hingedon the truck bringing the platen into position. forthe printing of upper case characters. lief ferring to the drawings, itwill be seen that the front carriage guiding and supporting wheel 62encircles more than onehalf of the front guide rail 62. and that thesliding carriage yokes 63 (33 on the rear o'fjhc carriage whollyencircle the rear guide rail 63. Hence it is clear that the carriageitself, through front whcel lii and rear yokes '63. (33, may constitutea means whereby. the rear rail 63 is shifted when the front rail (12 isshifted. During the shifting movementof the carriage to the rear theengaging teeth of the carriage rack are restrained from rearwardmovement h the rack guide lot return movement of the carriage to lowercase position the rack teeth are restrained from corresponding forwardmovement by said rack guide and its spring 37. Hence it is obvious thatmy construction is one wherein the carriage can be shifted as a whole,in-

cluding the platen carriageand the truck,-

from lower case to upper case and vice versa, without any correspondingmovement of the engaging teeth of the carriage rack; and that I haveaccomplished such result by jointing the rack member upon the truck soas to permit of a relative movement between said truck and said rackmember during the to the precise construction shown herein,

but wish to have it understood that I claim broadly herein a carriagewhich is shifted or oscillated with its running gear, upon rails ortracks, in combination with a guide or holder for the carriage rack,arranged and adapted to maintain the engaging teeth of the rack in theircarriage controlling engagement during such shifting movements of thecarriage. My running gear here shown comprises front carriage roller 62and the rear carriage yokes 63 63 Near the left hand end of the rack isthe arm 43, which extends over the guide rail 63 and is then bentdownwardly until its front end lies only slightly above the top plate ofthe machine. Pivoted to the left hand side of the platen frame is therelease lever 61, which carries on its front end the release key 60 andhas its rear end so placed that when the release key is depressed therear end will engage with the rack arm 43* and rock the rack inwardly ortoward the front of the'machine out of engagement with dog 30. It willthus be observed that -when the release key is depressed and the rack 43thereby swung forwardly of dog 30, the carriage will be free of theescapement, since both dogs 30 and 31 will then be disengaged from therack. Hence the carriage can be moved by hand in either direction,forward or back in its line of feed, so long as release key 60 is helddown.

leferring to Fig. 2 of the drawings it will be observed that the rearend of the release lever 61 is so formed that it will slip under lhereleasing arm 43 of the rack member farther when the carriage is shiftedback to upper case than when it is in lower case position, but that saidrear end of the release lever is bent into a horizontal plane so thatsuch shifting movements do not interfere with its proper relation withthe rack arm. lVhen the platen frame is lifted up for inspection of thewriting, however, the release lever 61 does not engage with the rack arm43 The part numbered 34 in the drawings may be indifi'erently styled therack guide or the rack holder, since it serves both to hold the rack andto guide it into and out of engaging position.

It will be observed that I shift the platen carriage by a parallelmovement from the one printing case to the other so that the printingpoint is in the same plane in lower case as in upper case, also vthat Iprovide an oscillatory .movement for one member of the truck (here shownas the rack member) whereby the carriage may be shifted as a whole(including the platen frame and the truck) and the platen frame be movedby a parallel movement without disarranging the proper engagementbetween the carriage and the escap'ement.

In Remington typewriters, of which my present machine is a modification,and in many other commercial typewriters, each type bar is provided withtwo characters, a lower case letter and an upper case letter,bothletters lying in the same plane and having their faces-parallel witheach other. There are many advantages in such parallel arrangement ofthe type characters. But if the two type characters are parallel witheach other, then the printing surface at the platen must also be in thesame plane in both cases, and consequently the platen frame must bemoved by parallel .motion from the one printing case to the, other. Butmeantime the rack member must be held in such position that the carriageis controlled by the escapement in both cases; That is to say the rackteeth must be held in their carriage controlling engagement in bothpositions of the carriage. I have met the requirements of the problemthus pre sented by providing a carriage having a platen frame and atruck hinged together and a rack member hinged upon the truck, and byfurther providing running gear and two oscillatory supports for thecarriage and means to cause said supports to rotate in unison so as tomaintain the surface to be written 011 in parallelism in both cases, andby still further providing a holder for the rack member so that duringsaid shifting movements there will be an opening and closing movementbetween the truck and the rack member, whereby the engaging teeth of therack will be maintained in their car riage controlling position duringthe shif ing movements and in both positions of the carriage.

It will thus be seen of how great importance is the joint between thetruck and the rack thereon in my machine, since it permits of theparallel movement of the platen frame while still reducing the shiftingmotion to zero at the engaging line of the rack teeth. I am not awarethat any typewriter has ever heretofore been provided with a parallelmotion of the platen frame from the one printing case to the other andan oscillatory reducing movement in the truck whereby the engaging teethof the rack are maintained in their carriage controlling position duringsuch parallel shifting movement of the platen frame, and I'thereforeclaim such mechanism broadly herein.

It will be further observed that in my present machine the entirecarriage (both the platen frame and truck and the parts thereon) isWholly mounted on the shift frame. This I also believe to be broadly newand claim it herein accordingly. That is to say, my structure hereinshown comprises three elements, namely the platen frame, the rack barand an intermediate element connected both with the platen frame andwith three said elements on the shift frame. I

also claim broadly herein thejoint between the truck and the carriagerack, whereby an opening and closing movement is provided between saidparts during the shifting movements of the carriage.

Attention is called to the fact that my present carriage comprises aplaten frame and a truck hinged together by one joint, and a :arriagerack hinged to the truck by a second joint. I believe such combinationto be new and claim it herein accordingly.

It will be obvious that my invention is of wide application and Itherefore do not intend to limit myself narrowly to the specific detailsshown in the drawings.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent is as follows:

l. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a main frame, a shiftframe pivoted to' the main frame and a carriage all the parts of whichare mounted on the shift frame, means for shifting the shift frame tomove the carriage to two printing positions, a rack bar pivotallymounted on the carriage and partaking of the shifting movements thereofat its pivotal points, and a holder for the rack, mounted in the machineand arranged and adapted to support the toothed edge of the rack in asubstantially stationary position during said shifting movements of thecarriage.

2. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a main f 'ame, a shiftframe comprising two oscillatory members pivoted to the main frame torotate .in unison and a carriage all the parts of which are mounted onsaid shift frame, a shift key and means operated thereby to rotate oneof said oscillatory members and means for transmitting such rotation tothe other said oscillatory member, to thereby shift the carriage byparallel movement from the one printing position to the other caseprinting position, and a rack pivotally mounted on the carriage andpartaking of the shifting movements thereof at its pivotal points, and aholder for the rack, mounted in the machine and arranged and adapted tosupport the toothed edge of the rack in a substantially stationaryposition during said shifting movements of the carriage.

3. In a typewriting machine, the combina tion of a main frame, a shiftframe comprising two oscillatory members pivoted to the main frame torotate in unison and a carriage comprising a platen frame and a truck,both the said platen frame and truck being mounted on the shift frame, ashift key and means operated thereby to rotate one of said oscillatorymembers and means for transmitting-such rotation to the other saidoscillatory member, to thereby shift ment from the one printing positionto the other case printing position and so as to maintain the printingpoint in the same plane for printing both upper case characters andlower case characters, and also to thereby shift saidtruclesim-ultaneously with the platen frame.

4. In a t-ypewriting machine, the combination of a main frame, acarriage comprising a platen frame and a truck, and a shift framecomprising two carriage guide ways, both of which are independentlypivoted to the main frame, means for mounting said truck on one of saidguide ways and means for mounting the platen frame on the other saidguide way andfor connecting it with the truck whereby the platen frameand truck are adapted to be shifted and whereby the platen frame ismovable from the one said printing position to the other by a parallelmovement.

In a. typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage comprising aplaten frame and a truck and a joint between the two whereby the truck"can be turned relatively to the platen frame, a shift frame, means formounting both the platen frame and the truck on the shift frame and formoving them together thereon to two printing case positions, said meansincluding means for maintaining the platen frame when in upper caseposition parallel to the position it occupies when in lower case.

(i. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a main frame, a shiftframe which comprises two carriage guide ways, both of which areindependently pivoted to the main frame, and a platen supporting caririagc comprising a platen frame and a truck the said platen frame by aparallel move.

together from one printing case to the other both of Which are mountedon the shift frame and shiftable therewith to upper and lower caseprinting positions.

7. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the main frame, aseries of typebars each bearing a plurality of printing characters, anda shift frame comprising a (carriage guide way pivoted on the main frameand a second guide way which is independently pivoted on the main frame,of a carriage comprising a platen frame and a truck, both said platenframe and truck being mounted on said shift frame, and a key andconnections for oscillating in unison said guide ways to shift theplaten frame and truck thereon from one printing position to another.

8. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the main frame, aseries of type bars each bearing a plurality of printing characters, anda carriage, of a shift frame which entirely supports the carriage andcomprises a carriage guide rail pivoted in the main frame and a secondguide rail which is independently pivoted in the main frame, and a keyand connections for oscillating in unison saidguide rails to shift thecarriage thereon from one printing position to another.

9. In a typewriting machine, the combi-:

ways, both of which are independently pivoted to the main frame, meansfor mounting said truck on one of said guide ways and for mounting theplaten frame on the other guide way and for connecting the platen frame,truck and the two guide ways together for movement in unison from theone printing case to the other and a key and connections whereby theplaten frame and truck are adapted to be shifted together on said shiftframe from one printing case to the other and whereby'the platen frameis maintained when in upper caseposition parallel to the position itoccupies when in lower case.

10. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a main frame, acarriage comprising a platen frame and a truck, and a shift framecomprising two carriage guide rails which are each independently pivotedto the main frame,- means for connecting said carriageguide railstogether to cause them to rotate in unison and a shift key connected tothe shift frame, said platen frame and truck being both mounted on theshift frame and movable thereon to upper case and lower case printingpositions.

11. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the main frame and aseries of type bars each bearing an upper case character and a lowercase character, of a shift.

comprising a platen frame and a truck, both the platen frame and thetruck being mounted on the shiftframe and movable riage and a holder forthe rack which is mounted on the main frame and engages the rack andserves to maintain it in its carriage controlling position in bothprinting positions of the carriage, and a shift key and means operatedthereby to move the shift frame and carriage to two printing positions.

13. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a main frame, of ashift frame comprising two carriage guide ways each independentlypivoted. to-the main frame, a

carriage all the parts of which are mounted on the shift frame, arackmember pivoted upon the carriage and a holder for the rack arranged andadapted to hold the toothed edge of the rack in its carriage controllingposition in both printing posit-ions of the carriage, and a shift keyand connections-to shift the shift frame and carriage to two printingpositions.

14. In a typewriting machine, the combination with amain frame, a shiftframe pivoted thereon and a carriage all .the parts of which are mountedon the shift frame, of a key and connections for shifting the shiftframe and carriage thereon to two printing positions, and means forcausing an opening and closing movement between the carriage and therack thereon during said shifting movements, whereby to maintain thetoothed edge of the rack in its carriage controlling engagement in bothpositions of the carriage.

15. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a main frame, a shiftframe pivoted thereon and a carriage all the parts I 0 between the two,a shift key and COIIIIECtlOIlS for moving the carriage to two printingpositions-and a holder for the rack which is mounted on the main frameand arranged and adapted to hold the rack in its carriage controllingengagement during-the shifting movements of the carriage.

16. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a main frame, andashift frame comprising two carriage guide Ways eachindependentlypivoted on the main frame and arrangedand adapted to oscillate in unisonwith each other, of a carriage comprising a platen frame and a truckwhich are hinged together and both mounted on the shift frame. and arack hinged to the truck and engaged by a holder on the main frame,whereby the platen frame may be moved from one printing position to theother by a parallel movement and be maintained when in upper caseposition parallel to the position it occupies in lower case, while saidhinged joints in the carriage and on said holder permit of a reducingmovement between the platen frame and toothed edge of the rack so as tonable tlr 1 ml: to be held in its carriage holding position in bothpositions of the platen frame.

17. In a. typewriting machine, the combination of a main frame, a shiftframe pivoted to the main frame, a. carriage all the parts of which aremounted on the shift frame, 'a rack member hinged upon the carriage anda holder for the rack member which is mounted on the main frame andengages the rack and serves to maintain it in its carriage controllingposition in both printing positions of the carriage, and a release keymounted on the carriage and operatively connected with the rack memberso as to move the rack out of its carriage controlling position torelease the carriage from control of the escapement.

18. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the main frame and aseries of type bars each bearing an upper case character and a lowercase character, of a shift frame pivoted to the main frame, a carriagecomprising a platen frame and a truck, both the platen frame and thetruck being mounted on the shift frame and movable therewith to uppercase and lower case printing positions, and a rack member hinged to the.iruek and arranged and adapted to control the carriage in both saidprinting'positions and a release key and connections on the carriage tomove the rack out of its carriage cont-rolling position in bothpositions of the carriage.

19. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a main frame, a platensupporting carriage, a shift frame which entirely supports the carriageand. comprises two carriage guide rails, both of which are independentlypivoted to the main frame and which together constitute the solesupporting means for the carriage, a rack member hinged upon thecarriage and a holder for the rack member which is mounted on the mainframe and which holds the rack in its carriage holding position in allpositions of the carriage.

20. In a. typewriting machine,-the combination with the main frame, aseries of type bars each bearing a plurality of printing characters, anda carriage, of a shift frame which entirely supports the carriage andcomprises a carriage guide rail pivoted in the main frame and a secondguide rail which is independently pivoted in the main frame, a key andconnections for oscillating in unison said guide railsto shift thecarriage thereon from one printing position to another, a rack memberpivotally mounted on the carriage and a holder therefor which ismounted. on the main frame and which holds the rack in its carriagecontrolling position in both positions of the carriage.

21. In a. typewriting machine, the combination of a main frame, a shiftframe pivoted to the main frame, a'carriagc, the entire carriage beingwholly supported on the shift frame, means for shifting the shift frameto move the carriage to two printing positions, a rack member hingedupon the carriage and a holder therefor which is mounted on the mainframe and which holds the rack in its carriage controlling position inboth positions of the carriage.

22. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a main frame, a shiftframe pivoted to the main frame, a carriage all the parts of which aremounted on the shift frame, a platen frame and a hinged rack member bothmounted on the carriage, a key and connections for shifting the platenframe to two printing positions and for maintaining it in the one casein parallelism with its position in the other case, and a holder for therack member mounted on the main frame and operatively connected with therack member at a point adjacent to the rack teeth so as to reduce theshifting movement substantially to zero at the rack teeth, to maintainthe rack in its-carriage holding engagement in both case printingpositions of the carriage;

In a typewriting machine, the combination of a main frame, a carriagecomprising' a. platen frame and a truck, a shift frame comprising twocarriage guide ways, both of which are independently pivoted to the mainframe, means for mounting said truck on one of said guide ways and meansfor mounting the platen frame on the other said guide way and forconnecting it with the truck whereby the platen frame and truck areadapted to be shifted together from one printing case to the other andwhereby the platen frame is movable from the one said printing positionto the other by a parallel movement, a rack pivoted on the truck and acarriage release key and connections for ing a platen frame, a truck,and a hinged rack member, all. of which parts are mounted .on the shiftframe, a key and connections for.

the engaging .teeth of the rack are maintained in substantially the samecarriage controlling position when the platen frame is in the one saidprinting position as when it is in the other said printing position.

25. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a main frame, a shiftframe pivoted thereto and a carriage comprising a platen frame, a truckand a rack member all of which parts are mounted on the, shift frame,joints between the platen frame and truck and between the truck and rackmember, to'permit of relative movement between all three said parts, anda key and connections for shifting the shift frame to move the platenframe to two printing positions.

26. In a typewriting machine, the-combination with the main frame, aseries of type bars each bearing a plurality of printing characters, anda carriage comprising a platen frame, a truck and a rack member alljointed together, of a shift frame which entirely supports the carriageand comprises a carriage guide rail pivoted on the main frame and asecond guide rail which is independently pivoted on the main frame, anda key and connections for oscillating in unison said guide rails toshift the carriage'thereon from one printing position to another.

27. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a main frame, a shiftframe pivoted to the main frame, a carriage which comprises a platenframe, a truck and a rack member, the entire carriage being mounted onthe shift frame, and means for shifting the shift frame to move thecarriage to two printing positions.

28. In a typewritin machine, the combination with the main flame, of ashift frame pivoted on the main frame and a carriage comprising a platenframe, a truck and a rack member all of which parts are mounted on theshift frame, joints between the platen frame and truck and between thetruck and rack member, to permit of relative movement between saidparts, a shift key and connections for shifting the shift frame andcarriage to two printing positions and a carriage release key forindependently moving the rack member to release the carriage from theescapement. I 1

29. Ina typewriting machine, the combination of a main frame, a carriagecomprising a platen frame, a truck and a rack member, a shift framecomprising two carriage guide ways, both of which are independentlypivoted to the main frame, means for mounting said truck and rack memberon one of said guide ways and for mounting said platen frame on theother guide way and for connecting said platen frame and truck and thetwo said guide ways together, and a key and connections for shifting theshift frame to move the carriage to two printing positions.

30. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a main frame, acarriage comprisber, a shift frame comprising two carriage guide ways,both. of which are independently pivoted on the main frame, means formounting said truck and rack member on one of said guide ways and meansfor mounting said platen frame on the other guide way and for connectingsaid platen frame, truck and guide ways together for movement in unison,a key and connections for shifting both of said carriage guide ways inunison to shift the carriage to two printing positions and to maintainthe platen frame in parallelism in both printing positions, a jointbetween the platen frame and truck to permit relative movement betweenthe two said parts and a joint between the truck and rack member topermit relative movement between said last mentioned parts and a guideor holder for the rack member arranged and adapted to maintain theengagingrack teeth in their carriage holding position in both printingpositions of the carriage.

31. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carriagepropelling power and escapementand a series of type bars each bearing aplurality of printing characters, of a carriage shiftable to twoprinting positions and comprising a platen frame and a truck and acarriage rack, means for shifting the platen frame and for maintainingit in the one printing position in parallelism with its position in theother printing position, and a joint between the truck and the carriagerack to permit relative movement between the two parts, and a holder orguide for the rack whereby the shifting movement of the carriage isreduced substantially to zero at the line of the rack teeth.

32. In a shifting carriage in a typewriting machine, the combination ofa platen frame shiftable from lower case printing position to upper caseprinting position by a parallel movement, a truck hinged to theplatenframe and a rack member hinged to the truck, and a supportingholder for the rack member which serves to cause an opening and closingmovement between the truck and rack member during the shifting movementof the carriage, so as to maintain the engaging teeth of the racksubstantially stationary.

33. In a shifting carriage in a typewriting machine, the combination ofa platen ing a platen frame, a truck and a rack mem- I frame, a truckand a rack member all control of the escapement in both printing hingedtogether, means for shifting the positions of the carriage.

platen frame from one case printing posi- Signed by me in 'VVashin t0n,D. C., this tion to another by a parallel movement, and 21st day ofJune, 1910. i oscillatory means in the truck, whereby the I REDERIC W.HILLARD. parallel shifting movement of the platen Witnesses:

frame reduced to zero at the line of the VIRGINIA E. WR'ENN,

rack teeth, to maintain the carriage under GOLDEN BROWN.

or five cents each, by addressing the Commlnioner of Patents-Wauhington, D. C.

io piea of thie patent may be obtained

